Background By definition, competence is a collection of related abilities, commitments, knowledge, and skills that enable a person to act effectively in a job or situation. Competency is measurable and can be developed through learning & development. The term "competence" first appeared in an article authored by R.W. White in 1959 as a concept for performance motivation . The term gained traction in 1973 when David McClelland wrote a seminal paper entitled, "Testing for Competence Rather Than for Intelligence". The term, created by McClelland, was commissioned by the State Department (USA) to explain characteristics common to high-performing agents of embassy, as well as help them in recruitment and development. It has since been popularized by Richard Boyatzis, and many others who used the concept in performance improvement. Its uses vary widely, which has led to considerable misunderstanding. Some scholars see "competence" as a combination o
A Compendium of Concepts